magnesium citrate

Magnesium citrate is alaxativeused to relieveconstipationandacid indigestion, to clear the bowels before acolonoscopyprocedure, and as a dietary supplement for magnesium deficiency. Magnesium citrate is derived from combining the mineral magnesium and citric acid. Magnesium citrate is availableover-the-counterin the United States.

Magnesium citrate is an osmotic laxative that draws water into the colon and makes the stools soft and bulky, facilitating bowel movement. The uses of magnesium citrate include:

Adult:

• Nutritional supplementation
• Constipation
• Acidindigestion
• Bowel preparation before colonoscopy (off-label)

Pediatric:

• Constipation

• Use magnesium citrate only occasionally for constipation; prolonged use can cause serious side effects
• Do not take magnesium citrate if you are on a low-sodiumdiet
• Do not take if you areallergicto magnesium citrate or any of its components
• Discontinue magnesium citrate and consult your health provider if:
  • Bowel movement does not occur after use
  • Rectal bleedingdevelops
• Avoid taking magnesium citrate if you have any of the following conditions:
  • Electrolyteimbalance
  • Dehydration
  • 心blockor damage to theheartmuscle (myocardial damage)
  • Kidney failure
  • Fecal impaction
  • Rectal fissures
  • Intestinal obstructionor perforation
  • Any acute abdominal condition requiring surgery (acute surgical abdomen) includingappendicitis
• Magnesium citrate should be administered under physician’s supervision in patients who:
  • 有肾脏功能障碍
  • Are on sodium or magnesium-restricteddiet
  • Havenausea,vomitingandabdominal painwith sudden change in bowel habits persisting over 2 weeks
• Use magnesium citrate with caution if you havemyasthenia gravisor any other neuromuscular disease

Common side effects of magnesium citrate include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Gasformation (flatulence)
• Abdominal cramping
• Diarrhea
• High blood magnesium levels (hypermagnesemia)
• 电解质失衡

This is not a complete list of all side effects or adverse reactions that may occur from the use of this drug.

Call your doctor for medical advice about serious side effects or adverse reactions. You may also report side effects or health problems to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Liquid

• 290 mg/5ml

Tablet

• 100 mg (elemental)

Adult:

Nutritional Supplementation

19 to 30 years old:

• Men – 400 mg/day
• Women – 310 mg/day
• Pregnantwomen younger than 50 years old: 350 mg/day
• Breastfeedingwomen younger than 50 years old: 320 mg/day

Over 30 years old:

• Men – 420 mg/day
• Women – 320 mg/day
• Pregnantwomen younger than 50 years old: 360 mg/day
• Breastfeeding women younger than 50 years old: 320 mg/day

Constipation/Bowel Evacuation:

• 195-300 ml orally in a single daily dose or divided doses with a full glass of water
• Alternatively, 2-4 tablets orally at bedtime

AcidIndigestion:

• 1 tablet twice daily or as directed by a healthcare provider

Pediatric:

Constipation/Bowel Evacuation:

• Children under 2 years old: Safety and efficacy not established
• Children 2-6 years old: 60-90 ml orally once or in divided doses, not to exceed 90 mg/24 hours
• Children 6-12 years old: 90-120 ml in a single dose or divided doses with a full glass of water
• Children over 12 years old: 195-300 ml orally in a single dose or divided doses with a full glass of water, alternatively, may administer 2-4 tablets orally at bedtime

Dosing Considerations

• Should be refrigerated to maintain potency and palatability

Overdose may lead todehydration, electrolyte imbalance and decrease in blood volume (hypovolemia), which should be treated with symptomatic and supportive care.

Inform your doctor of all medications you are currently taking, who can advise you on any possibledrug interactions. Never begin taking, suddenly discontinue, or change the dosage of any medication without your doctor’s recommendation.

• Magnesium citrate has no known severe interactions with anydrugs.
• Serious interactions of magnesium citrate include:
  • demeclocycline
  • dolutegravir
  • doxycycline
  • eltrombopag
  • lymecycline
  • minocycline
  • 氧四环素
  • potassium phosphates, intravenously
  • tetracycline
• Moderate interactions of magnesium citrate include:
  • ciprofloxacin
  • deflazacort
  • fleroxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • moxifloxacin
  • norfloxacin
  • 氧氟沙星
  • penicillamine
  • sodium phosphates, intravenously
  • vitamin D
• Magnesium citrate has mild interactions with at least 44 different drugs.

The drug interactions listed above are not all of the possible interactions or adverse effects. For more information on drug interactions, visit the RxList Drug Interaction Checker.

It is important to always tell your doctor, pharmacist, or health care provider of all prescription and over-the-counter medications you use, as well as the dosage for each, and keep a list of the information. Check with your doctor or health care provider if you have any questions about the medication.

• Occasional use of magnesium citrate is generally safe in pregnant andnursingmothers.
• The first line of therapy for constipation duringpregnancyis to increase dietaryfiberand water intake, and moderate amounts of dailyexercise. Magnesium citrate may be used if these are ineffective, occasionally or for a short period, in order to avoid dehydration or electrolyte imbalances.

• Take magnesium citrate exactly as per the package instructions
• Do not take magnesium citrate for regular bowel movement; use only for occasional constipation
• Magnesium citrate usually causes a bowel movement within 30 minutes to 6 hours after taking it; if bowel movement does not occur or there isblood in stool, discontinue magnesium citrate and seek medical help
• Keep out of reach of children
• Refrigerate it to make it more palatable and potent