Amblyopia:Partial or complete损失啊f visionin one eye caused by conditions that affect the normal development of vision. These conditions includestrabismus, in which the eyes are crossed inward (esotropia) or turned outward (exotropia) and anisometropia, in which there is a major difference in refractive error between the two eyes fromnearsightedness,farsightedness, orastigmatism. Less common causes of amblyopia includeptosis(drooping) of oneeyelid, disease of the角膜(preventing light from entering the eye), congenitalcataract, and injury to the eye of a young child.
In amblyopia, the brain favors one eye over the other. The other eye is ignored. It is not adequately stimulated and the visual brain cells do not mature normally. Amblyopia is the most common cause of monocularblindness, partial or complete blindness in one eye. Amblyopia affects 2 to 3% of children in the US.
Treatment ofstrabismusmay involve surgical correction of the eye muscle imbalance. In the case of severe refractive error, it should be corrected by glasses,contact lensesor, if appropriate,lasix. Wearing an eye patch over the stronger eye is a hallowed treatment for amblyopia. Another option isatropineeye drops to blur the vision temporarily in the stronger eye. Weekend atropine provides an improvement in visual acuity of a magnitude similar to that provided by daily atropine in treating moderate amblyopia.
The term "amblyopia" is sometimes incorrectly used interchangeably withlazy eye. "Amblyopia" is made up of ambly- from the Greek "amblys" meaning blunt, dull, faint, or dim and -opia from the Greek "ops" meaning eye, and refers to vision, so amblyopia is literally dim vision.
See also: Anisometropia:Nocturnalamblyopia;Strabismus.
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